The Anticipated Execution of Judicial Resolutions in Labor Proceedings: Analysis of Its Feasibility in Light of the Principle of Legality and the Absence of Res Judicata in the Peruvian Legal System
Abstract
This article analyzes the problem of early enforcement of judgments in labor proceedings in Peru, considering the tensions between Article 38 of the New Labor Procedural Law (NLPT) and the limitations inherent to the principle of legality and the budgetary restrictions of public entities. This procedural mechanism, intended to guarantee effective judicial protection of labor rights, faces significant challenges due to the absence of a comprehensive regulatory framework that contemplates the financial viability of its implementation.
Through a qualitative and descriptive approach, the study examines the regulatory framework, the jurisprudence of the Constitutional Court, and relevant doctrinal positions. Regulatory conflicts are identified, such as the lack of articulation between procedural and budgetary norms, and the implications of the principle of legality in public administration are evaluated, highlighting the risks to state resources and legal stability.
The analysis also covers emblematic cases and highlights the need for structural reforms to balance workers' rights with administrative sustainability. The proposals include: the creation of a special fund for labor judgments, the training of judges and officials, and the implementation of inter-institutional coordination mechanisms that strengthen the planning and execution of judicial decisions.
The conclusions underline the importance of rethinking early execution under a comprehensive approach that guarantees the effectiveness of labor rights, respecting the principles of legality and proportionality. This work seeks to contribute to the academic and regulatory debate, proposing solutions that promote a more fair, efficient, and sustainable system for all parties involved.
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References
Antón, J. A. (2022). La ejecución anticipada en el derecho procesal laboral peruano: Alcances y limitaciones. Editorial Derecho y Sociedad.
Barranco, M. C. (2021). El impacto de las medidas cautelares en los derechos laborales. Tirant Lo Blanch.
Chero, L. Z. (2022). Ejecución de sentencias laborales: Principios y desafíos en el sistema público. Ediciones Legales.
Seguil, J. (2020). La eficacia de la ejecución anticipada en procesos laborales. Revista Peruana de Derecho Laboral, 16(2), 45-68.
Sentencia n.º 02249-2012-PA/TC (2012). Tribunal Constitucional del Perú. https://www.tc.gob.pe/
Sentencia n.º 02568-2021-AA (2021). Tribunal Constitucional del Perú. https://www.tc.gob.pe/
Copyright (c) 2025 Richard Ochoa Paredes

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